Biblioteca - Novedades 2011
Incomunidad. El pensamiento político de la comunidad, a partir de Roberto Esposito / Miguel Cereceda y Gonzalo Arias (eds.). Arena Libros, 2011.
Sin el más mínimo asomo de nostalgia, a pesar de la ruina de las plasmaciones de lo común repartidas a izquierda y a derecha que poblaron el siglo XX, el pensamiento de la comunidad, como un fantasma obstinado, inquieta de nuevo a los filósofos y los sacude con fuerza.
Hoy, cuando aquellas experiencias se han puesto a la suficiente distancia como para no dar pie a la sospecha de ser sus compañeros de viaje, mientras que aún están lo suficientemente cerca como para que podamos sentir los efectos de su quiebra, el pensamiento de la comunidad ante todo debe explicar por qué todas las tentativas que se han hecho con vistas a la instauración de un modelo político comunitario han generado una potente dosis de negatividad, traducida tanto en amenaza del orden social como en tendencia a la aniquilación. Lo que, por descontado, las ha empujado a todas al fracaso, ayudando a crear a su vez un número creciente de defensas de naturaleza biopolítica y consecuencias, en último término, autoinmunitarias.
En esta línea de pensamiento, Roberto Esposito ha hecho una aportación esencial al desvelar la co-implicación de communitas e immunitas, descubriendo la acción soterrada del dispositivo inmunitario como verdadero paradigma de la modernidad en su tentativa de paliar hasta anularlas todas las amenazas implícitas en el impulso comunitario.
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La vie inséparée: vie et sujet au temps de la biopolitique/ Muriel Combes. Éd. Dittmar, 2011.
Entre 1976 et 1982, Michel Foucault multiplie les hypothèses et les remaniements, ainsi que les considérations rétrospectives concernant sa méthode. C'est au cours de cette période qu'il élabore la notion de biopouvoir, indiquant le moment où, autour du XVIIIe siècle, la vie - celle des individus et celle des populations - entre comme telle dans les mécanismes du pouvoir et devient ainsi un enjeu essentiel pour la politique. Cette notion, et les hypothèses qui lui sont associées quant à la nature du pouvoir moderne, constitue le point de départ du présent travail. Le postulat qui l'a guidé est que l'hypothèse d'un pouvoir sur la vie peut fournir l'axe central de ce que Foucault avait proposé dans ses derniers textes de nommer une « ontologie du présent ».
Au début des années 80, les recherches de Foucault semblent bifurquer vers le problème de la vérité et vers un questionnement portant sur l'éthique et ce qu'il commence à nommer les « pratiques de soi ». Mais au-delà de la suspension de fait de l'analyse du bio-pouvoir, ce à quoi on assiste alors n'est pas tant une simple rupture avec les problèmes qui occupaient, dans les années 70, un intellectuel impliqué dans l'invention politique, que l'élaboration d'un quadrilatère fondamental articulant les concepts de vérité, de pouvoir, de sujet et de vie.
Les commentateurs s'intéressent généralement aux trois premiers concepts, délaissant le dernier dont le statut est, il est vrai, délicat. Car son explicitation obligeait à aller dans des directions que Foucault ne voulait pas explorer, en particulier vers une reprise positive du questionnement ontologique, pour éclairer la relation entre vie et subjectivité.
C'est dans cette direction que le travail de Foucault rencontre celui de Simondon. Et que les deux peuvent se prolonger dans un questionnement concernant les modes d'inscription de la vie dans la politique. Le postulat chaque fois en jeu est que la vie ne peut jamais être conçue séparément de la subjectivité ; c'est de là que nous proposons de partir pour une élucidation politique du présent.
Nietzsche, Freud, Marx / Michel Foucault. Ediciones Espíritu Libertario, 2011
CAPÍTULO 1: EL PROBLEMA DEL PODER
Franz Ewald, Revista Eco (Bogotá, Colombia), marzo de 1978, Nº 197.
CAPITULO 2: ARQUEOLOGÍA DE LA LECTURA Y EL SUJETO
Ruben Tani, Licenciado en Filosofía y Letras. Es profesor en el Departamento de Teoría del Lenguaje y Lingüística General, profesor en el Instituto de Profesores Artigas de “Lingüística” para Idioma Español y profesor de Teoría Antropológica en la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación en Uruguay.
CAPÍTULO 3: NIETZSCHE, FREUD, MARX
Michel Foucault presentó la ponencia “Nietzsche, Freud, Marx” en el marco del 8º “Colloque de Royaumont” dedicado al filósofo alemán Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, el que fue realizado en la ciudad de París durante el mes de julio de 1964. La versión original de esta conferencia fue publicada con el conjunto de las ponencias y debates del coloquio bajo el título: Nietzsche, Cahiers de Royaumont, Philosophie Nº 6 (París, Minuit, 1967), páginas 183-200. La traducción al castellano fue realizada por Carlos Rincón y publicada en el dossier “Nietzsche, 125 años”, Revista Eco Nº 113/5, t. XIX, Nº 5, 6 y 7, septiembre-octubre-noviembre de 1969, Bogotá, Colombia.
CAPÍTULO 4: DISCUSIÓN
El debate que a continuación se transcribe se realizó posterior a la ponencia preliminar y fue presidida por Gueroult. También participaron François Wahl y Gianni Vattimo.
CAPITULO 5: LAS REDES DEL PODER
Conferencia pronunciada por Michel Foucault en 1976 en Brasil y publicada en la revista anarquista Barbarie, Nº 4 y 5 (1981-82), San Salvador de Bahía, Brasil. También forma parte del libro “El lenguaje libertario”, Pensamiento anarquista contemporáneo (Tomo 1), editado en 1990 por Editorial Nordam-Comunidad, Montevideo, Uruguay. Traducción realizada por Heloísa Primavera.
Il governo dell'Ethos. La produzione politica dell'agire económico/ Ottavio Marzocca, Mimesis Edizioni, 2011.
La ragione economica permea profondamente le pratiche di governo della modernità e ne misura l’efficacia sia attraverso il grado di arricchimento – vero o presunto – che esse producono nella società, sia mediante il livello di adesione all’ethos economico che esse ottengono dagli individui. Questo libro mette a fuoco non soltanto le evoluzioni dell’esercizio del potere che ci hanno condotto a questo stato di cose, ma anche la grande importanza che storicamente hanno assunto la famiglia e la nozione di rischio come strumenti di produzione
politica dell’agire economico. Condizionando i modi di praticare la libertà e i rapporti sociali, il governo economico della società compromette altre possibilità irrinunciabili di ‘divenire liberi’ e di rapportarsi al mondo comune e allo spazio pubblico. È ciò che si può dire se si considerano problemi come la questione ecologica che ormai, proprio perché oggetto di continui tentativi di governo economico, ne fa emergere anche i limiti e le drammatiche conseguenze.
Da tutto questo scaturisce l’esigenza inaggirabile di ricostruire il rapporto fra libertà e politica su un terreno radicalmente diverso da quello in cui vige la presunta verità del discorso economico.
Políticas de la interrupción. Ensayos sobre Giorgio Agamben / Rodrigo Karmy (ed.), Ediciones Escaparate, 2011
Intempestivamente, Nietzsche enseñaba que la pregunta filosófica más radical es aquella que ha volcado su pasión al oscuro ámbito de la vida. En este sentido, quizás sea posible decir que la escena filosófica contemporánea no sea otra cosa más que una continua experimentación que busca modos de tocar la vida, en tanto la deriva posthistórica del hombre y la consecuente implosión de las categorías políticas modernas han exigido al pensamiento abrir nuevas vías de reflexión.
Atendiendo a dicha exigencia, la presente compilación de ensayos está dedicada al pensamiento del filósofo italiano Giorgio Agamben, cuya indagación no sólo ha revitalizado las huellas dejadas por Michel Foucault, sino que además, ha proyectado al pensamiento hacia la posibilidad de una política, radicalmente, no estatal: sobre qué pueda ser el vivir en la época del fin del hombre, es lo que la presente colección de ensayos se apresta a dilucidar. El cumplimiento o no de dicho objetivo no es, en verdad, algo relevante: la investigación filosófica goza, tan sólo, con plantear la inquietud acerca de nuestro presente.
Foucault/ Philippe Artières/Jean François Bert/Frédéric Gros (dir.). Cahiers de l’Herne, 2011.
Les ouvrages de Foucault ont tous été ressentis comme des provocations: Histoire de la folie a heurté la bonne conscience des psychiatres, Les mots et les choses ont soulevé la grande polémique du structuralisme au milieu des années 1960, Surveiller et punir a scandalisé les milieux professionnels de la justice, et son Histoire de la sexualité enfin (tomes II et III) a surpris au contraire par son recentrement éthique. Les livres de Foucault ont été en tout relativement rares, mais chacun a représenté un événement théorique et politique. Très tôt la pensée de Foucault a compté en-dehors des cercles académiques, en France et ailleurs : elle a nourri de nombreuses luttes, et est rapidement devenue une référence dans toute l’Europe, mais aussi en Amérique et en Asie. Enfin les interventions esthétiques, politiques, éthiques, philosophiques de Foucault l’ont rendu indispensable dans tous les domaines de la pensée et de la création, sans spécialisation.
Ce Cahier de l’Herne dynamique, transdisciplinaire et créatif recueille des entretiens : ceux d’amis, de proches, qui dressent un portrait plus intime, offrant un visage différent de l’auteur ; des textes inédits de Foucault, et même inconnus à ce jour, sur l’art, la folie, Nietzsche, etc. ; des témoignages qui révèlent l’atmosphère intellectuelle de l’époque et la place controversée mais néanmoins centrale qu’y occupa Foucault. Toute la variété de l’œuvre de Michel Foucault est prise en considération dans l’éventail des contributions.
Une iconographie inédite et abondante vient enrichir ce Cahier.
How to Read Foucault’s Discipline and Punish/ Anne Schwan, Stephen Shapiro, 2011. Pluto Press.
Michel Foucault’s Discipline and Punish is one of the best-selling works of critical theory and a key text on many undergraduate courses. However, it is a long, difficult text which makes Anne Schwan and Stephen Shapiro's excellent step-by-step reading guide a welcome addition to the How to Read Theory series.
Undergraduates across a wide range of disciplines are expected to have a solid understanding of Foucault's key terms, which have become commonplace in critical thinking today. While there are many texts that survey Foucault's thought, these are often more general overviews or biographical précis that give little in the way of robust explanation and discussion. In contrast, Schwan and Shapiro take a plain-speaking, yet detailed, approach, specifically designed to give students a thorough understanding of one of the most influential texts in contemporary cultural theory.
Improper Life: Technology and Biopolitics from Heidegger to Agamben (Posthumanities) / Timothy C. Campbell (2011).
Has biopolitics actually become thanatopolitics, a field of study obsessed with death? Is there something about the nature of biopolitical thought today that makes it impossible to deploy affirmatively? If this is true, what can life-minded thinkers put forward as the merits of biopolitical reflection? These questions drive Improper Life, Timothy C. Campbell’s dexterous inquiry-as-intervention.
Campbell argues that a “crypto-thanatopolitics” can be teased out of Heidegger’s critique of technology and that some of the leading scholars of biopolitics—including Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben, and Peter Sloterdijk—have been substantively influenced by Heidegger’s thought, particularly his reading of proper and improper writing. In fact, Campbell shows how all of these philosophers have pointed toward a tragic, thanatopolitical destination as somehow an inevitable result of technology. But in Improper Life he articulates a corrective biopolitics that can begin with rereadings of Foucault (especially his late work regarding the care and technologies of the self), Freud (notably his writings on the drives and negation), and Gilles Deleuze (particularly in the relation of attention to aesthetics).
Throughout Improper Life, Campbell insists that biopolitics can become more positive and productively asserts an affirmative techn? not thought through thanatos but rather practiced through bíos.
Post-Soviet Social: Neoliberalism, Social Modernity, Biopolitics / Stephen J. Collier (2011)
The Soviet Union created a unique form of urban modernity, developing institutions of social provisioning for hundreds of millions of people in small and medium-sized industrial cities spread across a vast territory. After the collapse of socialism these institutions were profoundly shaken--casualties, in the eyes of many observers, of market-oriented reforms associated with neoliberalism and the Washington Consensus. In Post-Soviet Social, Stephen Collier examines reform in Russia beyond the Washington Consensus. He turns attention from the noisy battles over stabilization and privatization during the 1990s to subsequent reforms that grapple with the mundane details of pipes, wires, bureaucratic routines, and budgetary formulas that made up the Soviet social state.
Drawing on Michel Foucault's lectures from the late 1970s, Post-Soviet Social uses the Russian case to examine neoliberalism as a central form of political rationality in contemporary societies. The book's basic finding--that neoliberal reforms provide a justification for redistribution and social welfare, and may work to preserve the norms and forms of social modernity--lays the groundwork for a critical revision of conventional understandings of these topics.
Against Ecological Sovereignty: Ethics, Biopolitics, and Saving the Natural World (Posthumanities) / Mick Smith (2011)
Against Ecological Sovereignty is a passionate defense of radical ecology that speaks directly to current debates concerning the nature, and dangers, of sovereign power. Engaging the work of Bataille, Arendt, Levinas, Nancy, and Agamben, among others, Mick Smith reconnects the political critique of sovereign power with ecological considerations, arguing that ethical and political responsibilities for the consequences of our actions do not end with those defined as human.
Against Ecological Sovereignty is the first book to turn Agamben’s analysis of sovereignty and biopolitics toward an investigation of ecological concerns. In doing so it exposes limits to that thought, maintaining that the increasingly widespread biopolitical management of human populations has an unrecognized ecological analogue—reducing nature to a “resource” for human projects. Smith contends that a radical ecological politics must resist both the depoliticizing exercise of sovereign power and the pervasive spread of biopolitics in order to reveal new possibilities for creating healthy human and nonhuman communities.
Presenting a stinging critique of human claims to sovereignty over the natural world, Smith proposes an alternative way to conceive of posthumanist ecological communities—one that recognizes the utter singularity of the beings in them.
Reproductive Disruptions: Gender, Technology, and Biopolitics in the New Millennium (Fertility, Reproduction and Sexuality) / Marcia Inhorn (2011)
Reproductive disruptions, such as infertility, pregnancy loss, adoption, and childhood disability, are among the most distressing experiences in people s lives. Based on research by leading medical anthropologists from around the world, this book examines such issues as local practices detrimental to safe pregnancy and birth; conflicting reproductive goals between women and men; miscommunications between pregnant women and their genetic counselors; cultural anxieties over gamete donation and adoption; the contested meanings of abortion; cultural critiques of hormone replacement therapy; and the globalization of new pharmaceutical and assisted reproductive technologies. This breadth - with its explicit move from the local to the global, from the realm of everyday reproductive practice to international programs and policies - illuminates most effectively the workings of power, the tensions between women s and men s reproductive agency, and various cultural and structural inequalities in reproductive health.
The Plurality of Power: An Archaeology of Industrial Capitalism / Sarah E. Cowie (2011)
How do people experience power within capitalist societies? Research presented here explicitly addresses the notion of pluralistic power, which encompasses both productive and oppressive forms of power and acknowledges that nuanced and multifaceted power relations can exist in combination with binary dynamics such as domination and resistance. This volume addresses growing interests in linking past and present power relationships engendered by capitalism and in conducting historical archaeology as anthropology. The Plurality of Power: Industrial Capitalism and the Nineteenth-Century Company Town of Fayette, Michigan, explores the subtle distribution of power within American industrial capitalism through a case study of a company town. Issues surrounding power and agency are explored in regard to three heuristic categories of power. In the first category, the company imposed a system of structural, class-based power that is most visible in hierarchical differences in pay and housing, as well as consumer behavior. A second category addresses disciplinary activities surrounding health and the human body, as observed in the built environment, medical artifacts, disposal patterns of industrial waste, incidence of intestinal parasites, and unequal access to healthcare. The third ensemble of power relations is heterarcical and entwined with non-economic capital (social, symbolic, and cultural). Individuals and groups drew upon different forms of capital to bolster social status and express identity both within and apart from the corporate hierarchy. The goal in combining these diverse ideas is to explore the plurality of power relationships in past industrial contexts and to assert their relevance in the anthropology of capitalism.
Futures of Reproduction: Bioethics and Biopolitics / Catherine Milss (2011)
Issues in reproductive ethics, such as the capacity of parents to choose children, present challenges to philosophical ideas of freedom, responsibility and harm. This book responds to these challenges by proposing a new framework for thinking about the ethics of reproduction that emphasizes the ways that social norms affect decisions about who is born. The book provides clear and thorough discussions of some of the dominant problems in reproductive ethics - human enhancement and the notion of the normal, reproductive liberty and procreative beneficence, the principle of harm and discrimination against disability - while also proposing new ways of addressing these. The author draws upon the work of Michel Foucault, especially his discussions of biopolitics and norms, and later work on ethics, alongside feminist theorists of embodiment to argue for a new bioethics that is responsive to social norms, human vulnerability and the relational context of freedom and responsibility. This is done through compelling discussions of new technologies and practices, including the debate on liberal eugenics and human enhancement, the deliberate selection of disabilities, PGD and obstetric ultrasound.
Dillon, Michael. “Biopolitics of Security in the 21st Century: A Political Analytic of Finitude” , 2011. Routledge Publisher.
Este volumen proporciona una introducción a la Biopolítica de seguridad en el siglo XXI, escrito por uno de los principales académicos en el campo y miembro de nuestra red. Será publicado en agosto de este año por la Editorial Routledge.
Debrix, Francois and Barder, Alexander D. “Beyond Biopolitics: Theory, Violence, and Horror in World Politics (Interventions)” (October, 2011). Routledge Publisher.
Beyond Biopolitics exposes the conceptual limits of critical biopolitical approaches to violence, war, and terror in the post-9/11-War on Terror era.
This volume shows that such popular international political theories rely upon frames of representation that leave out of focus a series of extreme forms of gruesome violence that have no concern for the preservation of life, a crucial biopolitical theme. Debrix and Barder mobilize different concepts—horror, agonal sovereignty, the pulverization of the flesh, or the notion of an inhumanity-to-come—to shed light on past and present ghastly scenes and events of violence that seek to undo the very idea of humanity. To highlight the capacity of horror to be in excess of both violence and the meaning of humanity, Beyond Biopolitics provides a series of engagements with issues much debated in contemporary critical theoretical circles, in particular war and terror, the production of fear, states and spaces of exception, and alterity as enmity.
This work will be of great interest to scholars of critical international relations theory, critical security studies and international relations.
Foucault on Politics, Security and War. Editors: Michael Dillon and Andrew W. Neal. Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.
Foucault on Politics, Security and War interrogates Foucault's controversial genealogy of modern biopolitics. These essays situate Foucault's arguments, clarify the correlation of sovereign and bio-power and examine the relation of bios, nomos and race in relation to modern war.
Una vita. Pensiero selvaggio e filosofia dell’ intensità. Autor: Federico Luisetti. Mimesis, 2011.
¿Cuál es el legado del pensamiento de Gilles Deleuze? ¿Es posible separar su vitalismo trascendental del naturalismo de Henri Bergson y Friedrich Nietzsche? Mediante un diálogo "intenso" con estos autores, la vanguardia histórica, la biopolítica y el arte contemporáneo, el volumen introduce la confrontación entre la vida "animal" y una filosofía de la intensidad sostenida a la tradición post-kantiana.
Biology and Politics: The Cutting Edge. Editores: Albert Somit, Steven A. Peterson / Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2011.
This volume examines cutting edge research in the study of biology and politics. Following an introduction from the editors it is divided into two main sections. The first part of the book explores the linkage between evolution, genetics and politics with initial chapters on abandoned baby legislation, a model of action and norms, and the biopolitics of primates. The next four chapters have a special focus on the use of twin studies to study political phenomena and provide a biological critique of twin studies, phenotypic measurement issues and twin studies, a survey of twin studies research, and an example of using twin studies to explore politically relevant behaviour. The second section looks at the relationship of brain science to our understanding of politics. With respect to the applicability of brain science it features chapters summarizing what literature exists as well as how to use neuroimaging techniques to study political behaviour.
Biopolitics: An Advanced Introduction (Biopolitics: Medicine, Technoscience, and Health in the 21st Century). Autor: Thomas Lemke / New York University Press, 2011.
Las características biológicas de los seres humanos son medidas y observadas, y ahora se entienden de una manera que nunca antes se creyó posible, la definición de normas, el establecimiento de reglas, y la determinación de los valores medios de la vida humana. Si bien la noción de "biopolítica" se ha relacionado con todo, desde la toma de biopolítica, explorando su relevancia en debates teóricos contemporáneos, proporcionando un manual necesario sobre ésta área de estudio.
José Luis Moreno “Foucault, la gauche et la politique”, éditions Textuel, Coll. Petite Encyclopédie Critique. 2011
Michel Foucault se ha convertido en una filosofía política central en general y en gran parte de la izquierda en particular. A menudo se destacan sus conceptos, análisis, su estatura intelectual, su modelo de militante, etc. Su obra, sin embargo, pasó por distintas fases y su actitud política estaba lejos de ser estable. Este libro ofrece una introducción al filósofo político de los tres puntos principales: su trayectoria social, el contenido político de su obra y el contexto intelectual en el que se adapta y trabaja.